查看完整版本: 二战中的美军战机(8)[100P]

二战中的美军战机(8)[100P]

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PBY“卡特琳娜”水上飞机是由美国联合飞机公司研制，在二战期间广泛装备于美英海空军及苏联航空兵的一型水上飞机，其卓越战绩使得这型飞机成了历史上产量最大，用途最为广泛也是最为著名的水上飞机，被用于反潜，轰炸，侦察，反舰，运送突击队等。虽然PBY速度较慢，但这并未能影响其在美国海空军内服役20年间的卓越表现，为二战胜利立下了汗马功劳。在二战史上没有一种水上飞机可以挑战 PBY 卡特林娜的地位，PBY 的生产前后延续了 10 年，使其成为产量最多的水上飞机，其数量甚至超过了二战其他水上飞机的总和。虽然PBY是二战时期最慢的飞机之一，甚至有人说PBY的领航员需要的不是无线电与秒表，而是一本日历，并称之为最鸡肋的飞机，但这并不影响PBY强悍的适应性和极为广泛的用途。从对地轰炸，反潜，侦察，反舰攻击直到运送突击队，PBY堪称二战时期作战性能最为广泛的飞机，也是全世界至今影响力最大的水上飞机。美国共生产了 3,300 架卡特林娜水上飞机和水陆两用飞机，其中近 100 架至今仍在飞行，继续表现出极佳的其多用途性和可靠性，而正式这些特性使卡特林娜当初赢得了“能前往任何地点、能执行任何任务的军马”美誉。尽管 PBY 诞生至今已有 68 年历史，可能至今还没有一种飞机能比 PBY 更好地同时完成下列任务：改装成灭火机扑灭森林大火；搭载磁力计进行地质勘探；运送人员、补给和重型装备到难以接近的地区；或者成为内部豪华装修的私人飞机，将人们送至没有机场的无人区度假。PBY在第二次世界大战其中一件功劳是在1942年中途岛战役当中及早发现来犯的日本联合舰队中国国民政府于1950年代使用PBY-5A飞艇担任救护任务[2]。除此之外，中华航空与复兴航空也皆于1950到1960年代使用该型飞艇。基本信息乘员： 8人：驾驶员、副驾驶、机腹炮塔射手、机械师、无线电操作员、领航员、两名射手长度： 63 ft 10 7/16 in（19.46 m）翼展： 104 ft 0 in（31.70 m）高度： 21 ft 1 in（6.15 m）翼面积： 1,400 ft2（130 m2）空重： 20,910 lb（9,485 kg）最大起飞重量： 35,420 lb（16,066 kg）发动机： 2×普惠R-1830-92 Twin Wasp 活塞发动机， 1,200 hp（895 kW each）Zero-lift drag coefficient: 0.0309zero-lift drag coefficient 43.26 ft2 (4.02 m2)Aspect ratio: 7.73性能最高速度： 196 mph （314 km/h）巡航速度： 125 mph（201 km/h）航程： 2,520 mi（4,030 km）实用升限： 15,800 ft（4,000 m）爬升率： 1,000 ft/min（5.1 m/s）翼负荷： 25.3 lb/ft2（123.6 kg/m2）推重比： 0.034 hp/lb（0.056 kW/kg）Lift-to-drag ratio: 11.9武器3× 勃朗宁M1919 两具在机鼻，一具在机尾2× 勃朗宁M2机腹左右各一具4,000 lb （1,814 kg）炸弹或深水炸弹、鱼雷

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Martin-Mariner水上飞机

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Martin Mars 水上飞机

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其余的一些水上飞机

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XB-15试验重型轰炸机

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XB-19试验重型轰炸机

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B-10与B-17

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BT-13“勇士”是人民解放军在解放战争时期在地面缴获井使用的美制活塞式基础教练机。在人民空军中通常按译音称为“来弗特”飞机。    1939年3月双日，美国伏尔梯公司（后称联合／伏尔梯公司，又再改称康维尔公司）为美国陆军航空队研制的基础教练机BT-13首飞。BT-13与北美公司先前研制并已投产的AT-6  “得克萨斯人”外形相似，尺寸基本相同，但发动机功率略小，起落架不可收放。BT-13试飞顺利，美军在1939年即采购了300架。以后还发展了BT-13A、BT-13B、BT-15等改型。1940年，美国海军也确定采用BT-13A和BT-13B，并分别赋于SNV-l、SNV-2的型号。BT-13及其改型累计生产了11000架。    解放战争时期，人民解放军在地面缴获了BT-13基础教练机。到1949年11月正式成立中国人民解放军空军以后，才修复投入使用。1952年最后1架退役。BT-13“勇士”基础教练机基本数据：翼展：12.8公尺机身：8.79公尺机高：3.51公尺空重：1531公斤总重：2019公斤时速：180公里升限：6600公尺航程：1167公里发动机：Pratt & Whitney R-985-AN-1 Junior Wasp型450匹马力发动机 x 1乘员：二人

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另外几种

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还有一些老机，就不一一介绍了，有兴趣的朋友可以自己去查找一些资料

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