查看完整版本: 越南军事之旅（4）胡志明市战争遗迹博物馆(上)[100P]

越南军事之旅（4）胡志明市战争遗迹博物馆(上)[100P]

战争遗迹博物馆座落于胡志明市武文频街28号,此地曾是美国情报局旧址。博物馆成立于1975年9月4日，正门看起来非常朴素，也没有宏伟的建筑，但它记载了越南近代国家历史上非常沉重的一页----越南战争。

整个展览通过武器、战地照片、受害者战后生活图片及儿童绘画，并配以冷静的叙事性文字，简单却成功地再现出“战争罪行”。文字和图片都是冷而静的，然而并置在这样一个环境下，它就能产生极强的恐惧情绪甚至灼伤的疼痛感，反战的效果也就通过这样的触目惊心达到了。战地摄影记者在这个博物馆里被给予了最高的地位，他们的图片及故事被置于最重要的位置。在1945-1975年的整个越南与外来殖民势力的抗争期间，共有76名摄影记者牺牲或失踪，其中还有两名女性，也包括了著名的罗伯特·卡帕(RobertCa鄄pa)，仅在1970年，就有17名记者失踪。陈列室里按时间展示着这些勇敢者的震撼作品，多幅获得普里策奖的著名照片更置于显眼位置，如海防被空袭后背着多个孩子泅渡的母亲、公路上奔跑着的那被汽油弹烧伤的赤裸女孩、南越军人枪毙越共士兵。而摄影记者的名字和相片也并置于一面墙壁上，兹以最深切的纪念。这是战争历史上最大规模的新闻介入，人非冷血，冷静而残酷的图片背后我相信有着记者的立场，他们以Shot对抗Shoot，这些影像出现于报刊、杂志和当时普及开来的电视后，以美军对越南残酷的浩劫场面以及士兵战死他乡的血腥印象震撼了美国民众，并最终让这些影像超乎了新闻的本身职能，引发了从美国、北越开始的全球范围的民众大反战，促成了战争的早日收场。

博物馆的前几个厅主要站在全人类的立场上控诉战争，讴歌新闻记者，反映的受害者自然也包括美军士兵自己，那些在战壕内握着残肢号哭的场面同样让人悲悸。中央厅则变成控诉侵略，放大着展现越南民众被屠杀的真实，身旁的两个日本女孩边看边感慨人怎么能这样，或许教科书并没有多告诉她们自己的先辈是怎样一回事。中央厅一侧的房间则通过儿童绘画表现对和平的期望，出门后的另一陈列室充满着全世界反战示威和支持越南统一的记录图片。外围一侧还按1∶1仿真布置了一个恶魔岛(PouloCondore，东南沿海ConDao群岛主岛，最早法国人修建，后来南越把此地作为囚禁共产党支持者的监狱)监狱模型，里面的狭小空间陈列出一些行刑工具。

该博物馆已经成为大多数西方人来到越南必看的博物馆。这里不仅成了越南的爱国主义教育场所，而且也成了游客们重要的参观地。你只要花上15000盾越南币(相当于8块钱人民币),就可以到博物馆参观浏览,同时还会得到一份博物馆的宣传资料。

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