查看完整版本: MG-08/15[60P]

MG-08/15[60P]

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一战爆发时，德军MG-08重机枪当之无愧成为战场之王，在索姆河之战中，一天之内数万英法联军倒在枪下，MG-08被称为“战场割草机”。但德军对出现在战场上的英军一款新武器却大感惊奇，那就是英国刘易斯轻机枪，德军敏锐的意识到，这类武器将导致机枪战术发生重大的变革，德军总参谋部立即要求DWM公司在最短时间内研制出德国自己的轻机枪装备部队。DWM公司接受任务后，感到在战争条件下从头研制一款新机枪在短时间内根本不可能做到，只能在MG-08机枪上打主意。为了减轻重量，DWM公司将MG-08机枪的冷却水套直径减小了20mm，冷却水的容积随之减少了1.2升，机匣用材的厚度减薄了1mm，再将机匣上能削减的部分都进行了削减，改用两脚架，增加了肩托和手枪形小握把，手动保险安装在握把左则上方，配备了枪背带。这样一来，新机枪的重量比MG-08的枪身轻了近10公斤，虽说比刘易斯还要重得多，但让牛高马大的日尔曼人端着到处跑是没有任何问题。新机枪仍然使用帆布弹带供弹，分别为100发和250发，并可将100发弹带装在一个弹带盒内固定在枪的右侧。1915年中旬新机枪研制出来后，德国总参谋部非常满意，以“MG-08/15”型号命名，立即要求DWM公司和德国几大军火公司同时生产大量装备部队，并制定条令规定在德国陆军轻重机枪的装备比为5比2。一战期间，德国总共生产了约13万挺MG-08/15轻机枪，是当时德军中绝对的主力轻机枪。一战德国战败后，德国陆军只被允许保留1千余挺轻机枪，其余的都被销毁或瓜分。但德军一直在偷偷生产和装备，战后生产的MG-08/15有一些改进，一是将受弹机上加装了一个选择按钮，通过拨动这个按钮，可以选择使用帆布弹带或金属弹链。二是为了防空，为机枪配备了高射脚架和高射环形瞄具，环形瞄具不用时，可由卡簧固定在机匣右侧。但随着大量先进机枪的装备，德军中的MG-08/15机枪逐步退往二线部队，在整个二战期间最主要是在德国本土防卫作战中，德军中的MG-08/15机枪都发挥了一定作用。MG-08机枪和MG-08/15机枪外形比较：
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早期生产的MG-08/15机枪脚架固定在冷却水套上：
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后期型的MG-08/15机枪脚架安装在机匣前下方并可取下：
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一战后生产的MG-08/15机枪：
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一战型和战后型的MG-08/15：
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100发的弹带盒：
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